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Moderation

To Moderate or to Mediate?

by guest contributer  Leave a Comment

by Christos Giannoulis, PhD

We get many questions from clients who use the terms mediator and moderator interchangeably.

They are easy to confuse, yet mediation and moderation are two distinct terms that require distinct statistical approaches.

The key difference between the concepts can be compared to a case where a moderator lets you know when an association will occur while a mediator will inform you how or why it occurs.

[Read more…] about To Moderate or to Mediate?

Tagged With: independent variable, Interaction Terms, mediation, Moderation, Path Analysis, Structural Equation Modeling

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Member Training: Mediated Moderation and Moderated Mediation

by guest contributer  Leave a Comment

Often a model is not a simple process from a treatment or intervention to the outcome. In essence, the value of X does not always directly predict the value of Y.

Mediators can affect the relationship between X and Y. Moderators can affect the scale and magnitude of that relationship. And sometimes the mediators and moderators affect each other.

[Read more…] about Member Training: Mediated Moderation and Moderated Mediation

Tagged With: analysis, linear regression, mediation, model, moderated, Moderation, Path Analysis

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What’s in a Name? Moderation and Interaction, Independent and Predictor Variables

by Karen Grace-Martin  10 Comments

One of the most confusing things about statistical analysis is the different vocabulary used for the same, or nearly-but-not-quite-the-same, concepts.

Sometimes this happens just because the same analysis was developed separately within different fields and named twice.

So people in different fields use different terms for the same statistical concept.  Try to collaborate with a colleague in a different field and you may find yourself awed by the crazy statistics they’re insisting on.

Other times, there is a level of detail that is implied by one term that isn’t true of the wider, more generic term.  This level of detail is often about how the role of variables or effects affects the interpretation of output. [Read more…] about What’s in a Name? Moderation and Interaction, Independent and Predictor Variables

Tagged With: independent, interaction, Moderation, Path Analysis, predictor variable

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Five Common Relationships Among Three Variables in a Statistical Model

by Karen Grace-Martin  5 Comments

In a statistical model–any statistical model–there is generally one way that a predictor X and a response Y can relate:Stage 2

This relationship can take on different forms, of course, like a line or a curve, but there’s really only one relationship here to measure.

Usually the point is to model the predictive ability, the effect, of X on Y.

In other words, there is a clear response variable*, although not necessarily a causal relationship. We could have switched the direction of the arrow to indicate that Y predicts X or used a two-headed arrow to show a correlation, with no direction, but that’s a whole other story.

For our purposes, Y is the response variable and X the predictor.

But a third variable–another predictor–can relate to X and Y in a number of different ways.  How this predictor relates to X and Y changes how we interpret the relationship between X and Y. [Read more…] about Five Common Relationships Among Three Variables in a Statistical Model

Tagged With: interaction, linear regression, mediation, Moderation, Path Analysis

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3 Tips to Make Interpreting Moderation Effects Easier

by Karen Grace-Martin  7 Comments

Understanding moderation is one of those topics in statistics that is so much harder than it needs to be.

Here are three suggestions to make it just a little easier.

1. Realize that moderation just means an interaction

I have spoken with a number of researchers who are surprised to learn that moderation is just another term for interaction.

Perhaps it’s because moderation often appears with discussions of mediation. Or because we tend to think of interaction as being part of ANOVA, but not regression.

In any case, both an interaction and moderation mean the same thing: the effect of one predictor on a response variable is different at different values of the second predictor. [Read more…] about 3 Tips to Make Interpreting Moderation Effects Easier

Tagged With: interpreting, Moderation

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Mediators, Moderators, and Suppressors: What IS the difference?

by Karen Grace-Martin  2 Comments

One of the biggest questions I get is about the difference between mediators, moderators, and how they both differ from control variables.Stage 2

I recently found a fabulous free video tutorial on the difference between mediators, moderators, and suppressor variables, by Jeremy Taylor at Stats Make Me Cry.   The witty example is about the different types of variables–talent, practice, etc.–that explain the relationship between having a guitar and making lots of $$.


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Tagged With: mediation, Moderation, Path Analysis, suppressor variable

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  • Five Common Relationships Among Three Variables in a Statistical Model
  • To Moderate or to Mediate?
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